Atypical Depression: Information, Symptoms, Treatment and More

Atypical depression is a subtype of Depression. Atypical depression differs from other types of depression due to the requirement of several, specific symptoms to be present.

Because of this, it is one of the less common types of depression, though is still debilitating, and usually involves significant impairment.

Someone who suffers from other forms of depression will find it difficult to enjoy anything, even formerly-enjoyable events. But someone with Atypical depression will be able to enjoy positive events, which will result in a temporary lift in mood. But this mood will eventually disappear, with the usually symptoms of depression soon resuming.

Atypical depression is a difficult condition to overcome, but with the right treatment and support, it is possible.

What are the symptoms of Atypical Depression?

Atypical depression features very specific symptoms. While other depressive disorders typically feature a multitude of possible symptoms, this is not the case with Atypical depression.

As mentioned above, the classic symptom of Atypical depression is the ability for mood to brighten in response to a positive event. However, this will only be temporary.

This mood will eventually subside and subsequently make way for the return of the normal depressive symptoms – such as low mood.

But, as well as mood improvements, at least two of the following four symptoms are also required:

• Weight gain or an increase in appetite
• Sleeping too much
• Leaden paralysis (‘heavy’ feeling in arms or legs due to fatigue)
• History of being oversensitive to criticism.

As mentioned, the symptoms are very specific, and differ to classic depressive symptoms.

These symptoms will typically lead to a change in the behaviour of an individual. For instance, being oversensitive to criticism can lead to problems in a work, or sometimes even social environment, and result in problems making friends.

What are the causes of Atypical Depression?

It isn’t known what causes Atypical depression. Similarly, it isn’t known why some people suffer from certain types of depression. It is likely that a range of factors contribute to the onset of the illness.

In terms of general causes of depression, traumatic experiences often appear to contribute to the condition, with the suggestion that a chain of events can result in a downward spiral, leading to depression.

Moreover, genetics may also have an important part to play. Depression can run in families, with one study finding that 40% of cases of Depression can be explained by genetic factors [1].

Similarly, depression often runs alongside other mental health conditions, such as Anxiety or an Eating Disorder. Additionally, a chemical imbalance in certain neurotransmitters in the brain has also been put forward as a cause.

Diagnosis of Atypical Depression

It is important to see a doctor or mental health professional if you believe you have Atypical depression – or any other type of depression for that matter.

At an appointment, a doctor will ascertain the feelings and condition of a patient by asking several questions. Based on this, they will aim to make a diagnosis – if merited.

In terms of the actual symptoms, as above, in order for Atypical Depression to be diagnosed, a patient will need to:

• See an improvement in mood as a result of a positive event.

And at least two of the following:

• Weight gain or increase in appetite
• Be sleeping too much.
• Struggle with leaden paralysis – a feeling of heavy arms or legs as a result of fatigue.
• Be overly-sensitive to criticism to the extent of impairment in social or work environments.

A GP or mental health professional will be able to make a diagnosis. Once a diagnosis has been reached, treatment can proceed.

How is Atypical Depression treated?

Atypical depression can be treated. In many instances, with the right treatment plan, a full recovery can be made. The treatment that is provided normally depends on each individual’s circumstances.

Self help

Some people find that self-help materials on the internet can be a good starting point for treatment. Another popular thing to do is to join a local discussion group for Depression.

As with any mental health condition, regular exercise, a healthy diet and getting enough sleep can all contribute towards improved mental health.

Talking Therapy

Talking therapy is an important component in the treatment of Atypical Depression. There are several different types of therapy that are used.

Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT): CBT is a type of therapy that is used to treat a range of mental health conditions. CBT involves an individual talking face-to-face with a therapist, although sometimes CBT can be conducted in a group setting. CBT attempts to improve an individual’s wellbeing and mood. The therapy focuses on the link between thoughts, feelings and actions. This can be useful for those with low self-esteem, anxiety, unhelpful personality traits or intrusive thoughts. CBT can help an individual understand their feelings more, and in the long run should lead to an improvement in quality of life.

Psychoanalytical Psychotherapy: Psychoanalytical Psychotherapy is a talking therapy that aims to help uncover and resolve unconscious beliefs that cause psychiatric conditions. Traumatic experiences that may or may not be buried in the unconscious mind can be highlighted and processed. Psychoanalytical psychotherapy involves talking to a trained therapist. The therapist can show the individual how early memories and past traumas have affected their thinking, behaviour and attitude in the modern day. Psychoanalytical psychotherapy is especially useful for any condition that involves past trauma. Renowned neurologist Sigmund Freud developed this therapy, which is typically completed over a long-term basis.

There are a range of other types of talking therapies available. It is important to note that there are many ways that talking therapy can help. We have more information on our Therapy section.

Medication

In cases of moderate and severe Atypical Depression, it is common for medication to be used as part of the treatment plan. Atypical Depression is the only form of Depression where the Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs) class of antidepressants are used [2]. MAOIs are rarely used nowadays, due to their impact on diet.

Antidepressants: Antidepressants can help to improve and regulate mood. They should improve motivation and restore energy. SSRI Antidepressants are the most commonly prescribed. They act on the brain chemical serotonin – which is thought to help in regulating mood and emotion. They may include side-effects such as a dry mouth, sexual problems and nausea, though these should hopefully be short-term. Other classes of antidepressants are available in the event of an inadequate reaction.

Summary

Atypical Depression can be treated successfully. The treatment should be able to result in a much improved quality of life for an individual with the condition.

It is important that those suffering from the condition seek help. Our website has plenty of information to assist you.

See Also

• Depression Section
• What is the Prognosis for Depression?
• Therapy Homepage
• Medicine Homepage